● The conversion rate of clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in southern Iranian population was similar to that of western countries.
● The most important risk factors for the conversion of clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite multiple sclerosis were the number of baseline MRI lesions and disease duration.

● Latency to elicit descriptions of fractal images in people with schizophrenia is longer than that in healthy individuals.
● People with schizophrenia have more pauses, irrelevant, and incoherent speech than healthy people when describing more abstractive images.
● People with schizophrenia give darker, more dreadful images a higher priority than healthy people.
● Compared to healthy people, those with schizophrenia avoid clear, luminous, and fractal images with a regular geometric/graphical pattern.

● Psychological interventions are required to reduce cognitive failure and promote cognitive flexibility in subjects suffering from primary dysmenorrhea and are reluctant to take medication.
● Psychological interventions, including positive thinking and especially self-compassion training, can reduce cognitive failure in women with primary dysmenorrhea, but do not affect their cognitive flexibility.