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Rezaei S, Azarmi A, Rohampour K. Altered EEG Power Spectrum and Coherence in Students With Borderline Personality Disorder. Caspian J Neurol Sci 2024; 10 (4) :294-305
URL: http://cjns.gums.ac.ir/article-1-727-en.html

Background: The complicated mental illness known as borderline personality disorder (BPD) is characterized by impulsivity, emotional instability, and interpersonal challenges. Measurement of brain electrical activity using electroencephalography (EEG) can yield helpful biomarkers for a range of psychiatric conditions. 
Objectives: The present study utilizes comprehensive EEG analysis to identify distinct neural patterns in BPD, providing insights and potential biomarkers for diagnosing and understanding BPD. 
Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional study conducted on students of Guilan University (Iran), 534 students were evaluated through the Millon clinical multiaxial inventory from September 2018 to September 2020. Fourteen students were recruited into this case-control study: Seven students with BPD and seven healthy controls. EEG recording was performed by a standard 21-channel device. The EEG signals were processed with the EEGLAB toolbox in the MATLAB environment. The absolute and relative powers were calculated using the fast Fourier transform function. The power spectral density (PSD) and the coherence between different channels were evaluated, too. The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software.
Results: The results showed a significant increase in the delta band range, mainly in the frontotemporal region, and a reduction in the power of the alpha band in students with BPD. The frontal brain region of BPD patients also showed reduced alpha band coherence. 
Conclusion: Students with BPD exhibit distinct EEG patterns, including increased delta band power and reduced alpha band power and coherence. These findings suggest potential EEG biomarkers for BPD, highlighting the utility of EEG in understanding this complex disorder.