Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Group Therapy and Group Logotherapy in Reducing Perceived Stress among MS Patients
175
184
EN
Fatemeh
Amir
Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Kish Branch, Kish, Iran
Hasan
Ahadi
Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran; drhahadi5@gmail.com
Karim
Nikkhah
Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Mohammadreza
Seirafi
Assistant Professor of Psychology, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
Background: Previous studies suggest that group therapies, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and logotherapy, successfully reduce stress in patients.
Objectives: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment group therapy and group logotherapy in reducing perceived stress among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.
Materials and Methods: This research was a pretest-posttest controlled quasi-experimental study. Research population was comprised of all (n=3000) MS patients who were members of Mashhad MS Society, Iran. From among 198 patients, 33 who met the inclusion criteria and scored above 45 on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) were selected through convenience sampling, homogenized based on their scores on PSS as well as demographic characteristics, and then assigned to three groups of 11. The first group received 12 ACT sessions and the second group received 8 sessions of group logotherapy, while no intervention was provided for the control group. Afterwards, the PSS was re-administered to all the groups. Data were analyzed using one-way ANCOVA in SPSS software version 20.
Results: The results demonstrated that both group therapies reduced perceived stress among patients (p=0.001). However, ACT had a higher effect than logotherapy in reducing perceived stress (p=0.04).
Conclusion: Acceptance and commitment group therapy and group logotherapy are effective in reducing perceived stress among MS patients.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
Investigation of the Effect of Cycloserine on Motor Function in a Rat Model of Parkinson’s disease
185
195
EN
Reza
Taherian
Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; taherian.reza72@gmail.com
Mehran
Arabahmadi
Brain Mapping Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mahdi
Taherian
School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: Previous studies have shown cycloserine to be neuroprotective in some neurodegenerative disorders.
Objectives: To investigate the effect of cycloserine on motor function in Parkinson’s disease in a rat model.
Materials and Methods: Fifty-six healthy male wistar rats were used in this study and were divided into seven groups according to receiving saline, low dose (i.e. 100 mg/kg) and high dose (i.e. 200 mg/kg) of cycloserine for a short period (i.e. 8 days) (groups A-C, respectively) or long period (i.e. 16 days) (groups D-F, respectively) in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-rat model of Parkinson. Also, a healthy group not receiving MPTP or any other drug was considered as the control group (group G). Apomorphine-induced rotational test (AIRT), elevated body swing test (EBST) and rotarod performance test (RPT) were done to examine behavioral performances.
Results: Long-period treatment with cycloserine reduced MPTP-induced behavioral disturbances, i.e. net number of rotations in AIRT, net biased swing in EBST and reduced rotarod performance time in RPT, more than short period treatment. Although high dose of cycloserine was more effective than its low dose in reducing motor disturbance in initial trials of each test, long period treatment with low dose of cycloserine was similar to long period treatment with a high dose of it in reducing MPTP-induced Parkinsonism in EBST and RPT in latent trials.
Conclusion: Long-period treatment with low-dose cycloserine seems to be the best option to obtain a sufficient neuroprotective effect for lowering motor disturbance in Parkinson’s disease.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
Effect of Elastic Resistance Training and Vitamin D on Systemic Inflammation Indices in Untrained Men: A Clinical Trial
196
205
FA
Majed
Zobairy
Assistant professor of exercise physiology, Department of exercise physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Hasan
Matinhomaeei
Associated professor of exercise physiology, Department of exercise physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; hasanmatinhomaee@gmail.com
Hamidreza
Hatamian
Neurology Department, Poursina Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
Kamal
Azizbeigi
Assistant professor of exercise physiology, Department of physical education and sports sciences, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
Mohamad Ali
Azarbayjani
Professor of exercise physiology, Department of exercise physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Background: Recent studies demonstrate the ability of vitamin D to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress.
Objectives: The current study aimed at examining the effect of vitamin D supplementation on systemic inflammation markers during an eight-week elastic resistance training (ERT) on untrained men.
Materials and Methods: Forty healthy males with no experience in resistance training were assigned to elastic training—vitamin D (ED, n=10), elastic resistance training—placebo (EP, n=10), vitamin D (VD, n=10), and control (Con, n=10) groups. ERT was performed with eight exercises three times a week on non-consecutive days for eight weeks. Also, the subjects in the ED, VD, and EP groups consumed 50,000 IU vitamin D or placebo once every two weeks. Blood samples were collected before and 72 hours after the last session of eight weeks of ERT for measuring concentration of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C reactive protein (CRP).
Results: It is found that ED elicited a significant reduction in IL6 than VD (p<0.05) and control (p<0.05). Also, there is a significant difference between EP group and VD (p<0.05) and control ones (p<0.05). However, there is no significant difference between ED and EP in the variables mentioned (p<0.05). Also, it was observed that there was no statistical significant alteration in CRP concentration between pre- and post-training (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Finally, we can claim that the combination of elastic resistance training with vitamin D did not have extra advantages in attenuation of systemic inflammatory indices when compared with the training alone.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
The Evaluation and Comparison of Oxidative Stress in Hemorrhagic and Ischemic Stroke
206
213
EN
Ali
Shoeibi
Department of Neurology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Nilufar
Razmi
Department of Neurology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Ali
Ghabeli Juibary
Department of Neurology, Faculty of medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Seyed Isaac
Hashemy
Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; hashemyi@mums.ac.ir
Background: Among different mechanisms, oxidative stress has a possible role in neural injury in cerebrovascular events.
Objectives: Assessment the oxidants-antioxidants imbalance in ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
Materials and Methods: Serum level of malondialdehyde, the main marker of lipid peroxidation, and total antioxidant capacity were measured in a group of 48 stroke patients consisting of 24 ischemic and 24 hemorrhagic cases with confirmed diagnosis by brain CT scan. Lesion volume and modified National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) in ischemic stroke, as well as location and volume of hematoma in hemorrhagic stroke based on the first brain CT scan were determined as study variables.
Results: These two major groups did not have different oxidative profile. Low levels of total antioxidant capacity and high levels of malondialdehyde were associated with higher lesion volume in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
Conclusions: This data suggested that oxidative stress is associated with lesion volume and therefore severity of hemorrhagic stroke.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
The Serum Amyloid β Level in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case- Control Study
214
221
EN
Masoud
Etemadifar
Iranian Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Center, Isfahan, Iran
Mozhgan
Ghadimi
School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Keyvan
Ghadimi
Iranian Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology Research Center, Isfahan, Iran; keyvanghadimi@yahoo.com
Fereshteh
Alsahebfosoul
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common autoimmune diseases in adults that cause disability in patients. Different studies were conducted on more rapid diagnosis of the disease such as measuring serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contents.
Objectives: The current study aimed at measuring amyloid β (Aβ) serum levels in patients with relapsing-remitting MS.
Materials and Methods: In the current case-control study, the serum levels of Aβ were measured in 48 patients with RRMS and 33 healthy controls using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique in Isfahan, Iran, from 2014 to 2016. Data analysis was conducted with SPSS.
Results: The mean serum level of Aβ in the case (patients with RRMS) and control groups were 192.75±125.65 and 128.11±85.20 pg/mL, respectively; so serum Aβ levels in the RRMS group was significantly higher than healthy controls (p=0.02). Also, there was a positive significant correlation between the serum Aβ levels and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (r=+0.85, p<0.0001).
Conclusions: Owing to the increase of serum Aβ level in patients with RRMS and its significant increase in severe MS cases (higher EDSS scores), so serum Aβ level can be considered as a marker for MS and its progression.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
Ictal and Interictal Electroencephalography of Mesial and Lateral Temporal Lobe Epilepsy; A Comparative Study
222
230
EN
Jafar
Mehvari
Associate professor, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Mohammad
Zare
Professor, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Rooholla
Andami
Neurologist, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; andami61@Yahoo.com
Keyvan
Ghadimi
Medical Student, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Nasim
Tabrizi
Epilepsy Fellowship, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
Background: Epilepsy is considered as one of the most important disorders in neurology. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a form of epilepsy including two main types of mesial and lateral (neocortex).
Objectives: Determination and comparison of electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern in the ictal and interictal phases of mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study included 80 patients with mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy who satisfied the inclusion criteria. The patients were monitored using EEG, and then the EEG results were compared between two groups of temporal epilepsies.
Results: There was no significant difference between two groups of patients (mesial and lateral temporal lobe epilepsy) in terms of the type of seizure, history of tumor or trauma or hypoxia, and duration of seizure history (p>0.05). The ictal wave onset in 52.5% of the patients was in the left temporal region, and the ictal wave onset in 58.75% of patients was the slow wave. There was no significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of ictal wave onset and its location.
Conclusions: According to the results, EEG is a good method for detecting temporal lobe epilepsy, but it does not help to differentiate the type of mesial and lateral temporal epilepsy. In order to distinguish between these two types, EEG alone is not helpful, and other diagnostic methods are required.
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences
2383-4307
3
4
2017
10
1
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibodies Spectrum Disorders
231
240
EN
Masoud
Etemadifar
Professor of Neurology, Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
Ali
Fazli
Department of Neurology, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran; ali96fazli@yahoo.com
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) is an adhesive molecule responsible for myelin sheath structural integrity and maintenance. Patients with spectrum of inflammatory demyelinating disease particularly in central nervous system are reported to have antibodies against this protein. Diseases such as multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, neuro-myelitis optica (NMO) spectrum disorders, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, transverse myelitis and Optic neuritis seemed to have a correlation with anti-MOG antibodies. MRI findings of seropositive cases revealed spinal lesions, particularly in lower segments. For treatment of these patients methotrexate and azathioprine are suggested. Plasmaphresis and intravenous immunoglobulin may be useful too. However fingolimod and interferons can deteriorate the conditions. Finally it is concluded that anti-MOG antibodies can be a biomarker for CNS demyelinating disorders.