Author Guidelines

Submission Instruction

Authors’ Statement & Authors’ contributions
Papers must be accompanied by the authors’ statement relative to copyright, originality, authorship, ethics and conflicts of interest, signed by all authors. Also, papers must be accompanied by the authors’ contributions signed by correspondence author.

Instructions to Authors
Aims and Scopes

Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences (CJNS) is an international scientific quarterly journal of the Guilan University of Medical Sciences - Guilan, Iran; that publishes papers of significance in all areas of clinical and basic neuroscience. The editors welcome contributions and reports of novel results in any area of neurological sciences − clinical and basic − including neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry, psychology, neuro-ophthalmology, neuro-otology, neuro-urology, neuro-pharmacology, molecular and cellular neurosciences, neurogenetic, art & neuroscience, history of neuroscience, and artificial intelligence (machine learning and deep learning) in medicine with the format of Original Papers, Review Articles, Brief Communications, Case Reports and Letters to the Editor.
CJNS provides readers and authors high visibility, emphasis on interdisciplinary communication, accessibility to a broad readership, high standards of copy editing and production, rigorous peer review and rapid publication. All papers accepted for publication in the journal will appear simultaneously in both the print journal and online.


Submission of Manuscripts
Submission is acceptable via Journal URL: http://cjns.gums.ac.ir
A covering letter identifying the corresponding author (full name, address, telephone, fax numbers, and e-mail) should accompany all manuscripts. It must contain these statements: “The manuscript has been seen and approved by all authors involved and is neither being published nor being considered for publication elsewhere”. The text should be submitted in Microsoft Word format and the figures in JPG or GIF format − which will produce high quality images in the online edition of the journal − as attachments

** Article Processing Charge (APC) or Publication Fee: 
The journal will continue to publish the articles on Open Access terms. Therefore, the journal will be depositing the full text content in international databases as well as on the official web-site. The permanent article identifier (DOI) will also be available in continuity.
To support this, a publication fee of 
50,000,000 IR Rials (100 USD) per article will be charged to authors on acceptance of their paper.
The fee will be paid only after the editor communicate the acceptance decision to the author. The proof of payment will be sent at cjnsgumsgmail.com


Guidelines for Preparation of Manuscript
Manuscript length

Papers should be of a length appropriate for the amount of information they contain and must be maximum 12 pages. Failure to restrict the length of manuscripts can negatively influence the editor’s decisions.
Style
Manuscripts should be written using clear and concise English. The manuscript should include: Title Page, Abstract, Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgement, Conflict of Interest and References.
Manuscript Format
The CJNS manuscripts must be type written double-spaced in A4 paper with margins of 2.5 cm. Pages should be numbered consecutively beginning with the title page. Avoid underlining.
Title Page
The title page must contain: (1) Title of article (2) Running title (3) Correct names and highest academic degree of each author (4) Each author’s official academic and/or clinical title and affiliation (5) Name and address of the institution(s) (6) Name address telephone number, e-mail and fax number of author to whom correspondence should be sent (7) conflict of interest.
-Note
The author should provide a  title of no more than 12 words.
The author should provide a running title of no more than 50 characters.
Highlights
In Highlights part, you have to provide a summary of the key points of your article. Highlights are three to five result-oriented points that provide readers with an at-a-glance overview of the main findings of your article. Think of them as a quick snippet of the results—short and sweet. Each Highlight must be 85 characters or fewer, including spaces, and the Highlights together must clearly convey only the results of the study.
Abbreviations and Symbols
Use only standard abbreviations. Avoid using them in the title and abstract. The full term for which an abbreviation stands should precede its first use in the text unless it is a standard unit of measurement.

Original articles should have the following format:
Abstract

All original articles must contain a structured abstract of not more than 250 words. The abstract should include; Background ,Objectives, Materials and Methods, Results, Conclusions.
key words
Should be at least 3 to 5 appropriate chosen from the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) list of index medicus (http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html). They should therefore be specific and relevant to the paper. Authors need to be careful that the abstract reflects the content of the article accurately.
For Randomized Controlled Trials the method of randomization and primary outcome measure should be stated in the abstract. The registration number of the trial and the name of trial registry must be mentioned at the end of abstract.

Introduction
This should summarize the purpose and the rationale for the study. It should neither review the subject extensively nor have data or conclusions of the study.
Materials and Methods
This should include the study design and exact method of observation or experiment, inclusion and exclusion criteria for the population or patient samples and laboratory and statistical methods and any general computer program used. If an apparatus is used its manufacturer’s name and address should be given in parenthesis. If the method is established give reference but if it is new give enough information so that another author is able to perform it. For Randomized Controlled Trials the method of randomization and primary outcome measure should be stated in the materials and methods. The registration number of the trial and the name of trial registry must be mentioned at the end of materials and methods.
- Statistics
Inadequate or incorrect statistical analyses frequently cause rejection or delays in the review of manuscripts. Please seek advice from a professional statistician before the manuscript is submitted.
Results
This should include the findings in a logical sequence with tables and figures as necessary. It must be presented in the form of text, tables and illustrations. The contents of the tables should not be all repeated in the text. Instead a reference to the table number must be given. Long results may need sub-headings within some sections to clarify their contents. Unnecessary overlap between tables, figures and text should be avoided.
- Tables
In limited numbers should be submitted with the captions placed above. Each table should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals and typed double-spaced including all headings. Submit tables as separate files.
- Figures
Should be in limited numbers with high quality art work and mounted on separate files. The captions should be placed below.
Note: The same data should not be presented in tables and figures and text simultaneously.
The maximum total number of tables & figures must be 6.

Discussion
The discussion should emphasize the present findings and the variations or similarities with other work done in the field by other investigators. Conclusions based on the findings and its applicability and implications for future research. The detailed data should not be repeated in the discussion again. Emphasize the new and important aspects of the study and the conclusions that follow from them. It must be mentioned whether the hypothesis mentioned in the article is true, false or no conclusions can be derived.
Conclusion
It should be brief, follow directly from results presented above and correspond to the aim of the paper outlined in the introduction.
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences (CJNS) is committed to apply ethics of publication, based on the COPE’s Code of Conduct and Best Practices. Also, in medical studies, CJNS has engaged to apply ethics of research, based on Declaration of Helsinki: Statement of Ethical Principles for Medical Research.
Ethics of Studies Involving Humans and Animals
Ethical considerations must be addressed in the Materials and Methods section. 1) Please state that informed consent was obtained from all participants. 2) Include the name of the appropriate institutional review board that approved the project. 3) Indicate in the text that the maintenance and care of experimental animals complies with National Institutes of Health guidelines for the humane use of laboratory animals or those of your institute.
Note For Ethic Code !!!
The Ethic Code is nessassery for studies except reviews. This code should be recieved from the Ethical Committee of University. 
Note For Clinical Trials !!!
The opinion of Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) related institute and registration of clinical trials in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) are necessary for clinical trials articles. This is a primary registry in the WHO registry network set up with the help from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) and hosted by Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). Therefore, reception, arbitration and publication of clinical trials articles are related to registration of them in IRCT addresses to (www.irct.ir). If refers to IRCT number in the materials and methods section, papers will be accepted for peer review process.
Reporting Clinical Trials              
Randomized controlled trials should be presented according to the CONSORT guidelines. At manuscript submission, authors must provide the CONSORT checklist accompanied by a flow diagram that illustrates the progress of patients through the trial, including recruitment, enrollment, randomization, withdrawal and completion, and a detailed description of the randomization procedure. The CONSORT checklist and template flow diagram can be found on http://www.consort-statement.org

Funding
For all type of manuscripts, authors must acknowledge and declare any sources of funding and potential conflicting interest such as receiving funds or fees by or holding stocks and shares in an organization that may profit or lose through publication of your paper.

Authors’ contribution
In this section, you have to provide the contributor role of each author on these divisions:
Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing, Visualization, Supervision, Project Administration, Funding Acquisition.
The example below shows the Author Contributions:

Conceptualization, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Methodology, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Investigation, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Writing – Original Draft, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Writing – Review & Editing, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Funding Acquisition, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Resources, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]; Supervision, Author names [A, B, C, or all authors]
Conflict of Interest
For all type of manuscripts, authors must acknowledge and declare any sources of funding and potential conflicting interest such as receiving funds or fees by or holding stocks and shares in an organization that may profit or lose through publication of your paper.
Acknowledgement
For all type of manuscripts, all contributors who do not meet the criteria for authorship should be covered in the acknowledgement section. Financial and material support should also be acknowledged. Personal acknowledgement should precede those of institutions or agencies.
References
All manuscripts should be accompanied by relevant references. References should be numbered sequentially as they appear in the text according to the Vancouver style. When citing authors in the text acknowledge only the first author where there are three or more authors e.g. Dehpour et al. stated that ... (1). Where there are two authors cite both e.g. Etemadifar and Sahraian reported that..... (2). Citations in the reference list are to be arranged by number in the following format including punctuation.
Please provide accurate and complete information on Reference.
* Please provide full details of these References.
If article: authors' names? the exact title of the article? exact title of the journal? year of publication? issue and number? article pages?
If book: the authors' names? The exact title of the book? Publishing company? Publisher name? Year printed? And send that link.
If paper: is presented at the conference? the authors' names? The exact title of the article? Exact title of the conference? City and Country? The exact date of the conference (day? Month? Year?)?
If thesis: the author's name? thesis title? Presented as thesis or dissertation? City? University? Year?
 f website: the author's name, exact title? Specify the exact date of entry on the site (day? Month? Year?) And URL of the article.

The author is responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the references and for their correct textual citation.
-  Note For Reference link!!!

  For all References send their link.
-  Note For Reference Management Software!!!
The author should ensure reference to locally published studies by doing proper literature search. It may not be possible for the editor and reviewers to check all reference citations. To minimize such errors author should verify references against the original documents and/or use bibilographing softwares such as EndNote.
-  Note For Reference's Digital Object Identifier (DOI)!!! 
In the event that the used reference have DOI, it should cited at the end of the reference.


Review articles should be prepared according to one of the following styles:
- Systematic reviews should be in form of meta-analysis or meta synthesis without statistical analysis. These articles contain original articles' parts.
- Non systematic reviews should be written by experts who have at least one published article in the related field in references. Different parts of such articles include abstract, introduction, discussion and conclusion. They should contain at least 20 references and maximum 5000 words.


• Short Communication; can be in form of research article, systematic review or ongoing research which reports its interesting findings. The parts in this type of articles are like those of original one but they are smaller and prepared in maximum 2000 words.

Letter to the Editor; should be about criticism of previous articles, criticism or review over books analysis of a topic related to neurosciences, a report and criticism of congresses about neurosciences, expansion and explanation about an idea or a complicated problem. This should be prepared in maximum 1000 to 1500 words. These articles need no structure.

Editorial Article; should be written by either the editor in chief or the editorial board. The editor in chief could also ask an expert to do such a thing. The context of such articles could involve a deep analysis about the up to date topics in neurosciences, challenging systems or proposing solutions in neurosciences field. They should be prepared in maximum 2000 words and have at least 5 references.

• Case Reports and Brief Reports; Both should include Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Case Presentation, Discussion, Conclusion, Acknowledgment, Conflict of Interest, References and 1 to 4 figures. Necessary documentations of the case(s) like pathology reports, laboratory test reports, and imaging should be included in the submission package. Brief reports should not have more than one figure and/or table.



Ethics of Scientific Publishing
Submission of a paper in CJNS implies that it reports unpublished work and that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. If previously published tables, illustrations or text are to be included then this should be clearly indicated in the manuscript and the copyright holder’s permission must be obtained. Previously published material can be cited in a later review or commentary article but it must be indicated using quotation marks if necessary. Plagiarism of text from a previously published manuscript by the same or another author is a serious publication offence. Small amounts of text may be used but only where the source of the material quoted is clearly acknowledged.

Authorship Criteria
Based on the newly released Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals, by the ICMJE, “an Author” is generally considered to be someone who meets the following conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4.
1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.


Review Process
The submitted manuscripts will be assessed from editorial points of view at first. Should the manuscript meet the basic editorial requirements; it will enter the peer-review process. The manuscript will then be sent at least to one in-office and two out of office referees for review. The corresponding author will then be informed to the referee’s remark to accept, reject or require modification.

Revision
Papers may be returned to authors for modification of the scientific content and/or for language corrections. Revised paper and a letter listing point-to-point response to the reviewers must be submitted to the journal. Resubmission does not imply that a revised version will necessary be accepted. If a returned paper for modification is not resubmitted within two months it will be regarded as having been withdrawn and any revised version received subsequently will be treated as a new paper and the date of receipt will be altered accordingly. Authors who resubmit a paper that has previously been rejected must provide the original manuscript and a letter explaining in detail how the paper has been modified. The Editor-in-Chief will consider the recommendations of the reviewers and will forward the comments anonymously to the author along with a consensus recommendation. The author(s) will make appropriate revisions and resubmit the manuscript. When the Editor-in-Chief is satisfied that the manuscript meets the CJNS quality standards the manuscript will be published. Header will be added to each page of the manuscript stating the volume number and the official name of the CJNS (Caspian Journal of Neurological Sciences). An email will be sent to the author from the Editor-in-Chief stating that the manuscript has been published in CJNS. Accepted manuscripts become the property of CJNS.

Proofs
A computer printout will be sent to the corresponding author to be checked for only typographical errors and other essential small changes before publication in order to avoid any mistakes. Major alternations to the text cannot be accepted at this stage. Proofs must be returned to the editor within 2 days of receipt.

Responsibilities of Authors
The authors are responsible for accuracy of all statements and data contained in the manuscript, all references, and must obtain permission from the author and publisher of any previously published material included in the submitted manuscript. The editor and publisher accept no responsibility for the statements expressed by the authors here in.
 


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